The recent acquisition by Highmark, Inc. of the five-hospital West Penn Allegheny Health System brings into focus an emerging healthcare provider model in which payers are assuming direct control of medical facilities. Payers, seeking to curb costs amid U.S. health reform are motivated by numerous factors, including:
- Gaining an early leadership positioning in developing a self-sufficient ACO model that can be leveraged nationwide.
- Providing direct insight into best practices they can use in contracting with other medical groups.
- Allowing the capture of new efficiencies in the healthcare system by accruing part of the costs that would have gone to providers
Over the years, payers have attempted a number of different cost control mechanisms ranging from preferred drug lists to performance incentives – but have had minimal success. This feet-on-the-street approach is their most direct attempt to control spending through managing the doctors directly. The thought is that the Payer-Provider Facility strategy will truly “incentivize” doctors to control spending as it affects their direct employer; as opposed to other historical financial incentive arrangements that have failed to hold ground.
In the mid ‘90s managed care failed in its attempt to take a greater role in the care delivery as consumers rebuffed limits on provider choice and treatment options. This time around (and as depicted the graphic below), insurers adopting this strategy appear to be focused on the controlling the provision of services and owning providers as opposed to network or treatment restrictions.
A recent Washington Post article analyzes the ongoing transition of the major managed care players – namely UnitedHealthcare, WellPoint, CIGNA and Humana – into the provider space. Further analysis by TripleTree underscores that the strategy appears to be driven by the insurers’ desire diminish the financial pressure of health reform, however, this could also viewed as a long-term strategic move by insurers to position themselves as the central hub of future ACOs.
Highmark’s acquisition is unique in that it is one of the only significant payer-hospital acquisitions to occur in well over a decade. Payers (such as Humana and Wellpoint) have routinely purchased clinics in recent years in an effort to push care further outside of the hospital towards more efficient, less costly outpatient settings. The acquisition represents a bold strategy to align Highmark with their hospital provider base. However, the move also poses the risk of competitive backlash from competitors who choose to not use West Penn and withdrawal from customers fearing provider choice and location limitations.
In the coming months, TripleTree will be spending a considerable amount of time monitoring the movement of payers to reposition themselves as “clinical” and “provider-focused” as ACOs develop. In addition, we will also be analyzing how each payer’s provider strategy aligns with their efforts to expand their clinical technology platforms into the provider market.
Let us know what you think.
Joe Long
Joe Long is an analyst at TripleTree covering the healthcare sector, with a focus on the approaches and technologies surrounding health insurance exchanges. You can email him at jlong@triple-tree.com.